Cottonseed meal glue



Patented Dec. 8, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE COTTONSEED MEAL GLUE Jett 0. Arthur, Jr., Metairie, and Joseph T. Hogan, New Orleans, La., assignors to the United States of America as represented by the Secretary of Agriculture No Drawing. Application May 18, 1951,

Serial No. 227,097

(Granted under Title 35, U. S. Code (1952),

sec. 266) 1 Claim.

1 This invention may be manufactured and used by or for the Government of the United States of America for governmental purposes throughout the world without the payment to us of any process of the invention consist of those made from a cottonseed meal containing at least 70% soluble nitrogen, and containing, based upon the weight of meal, from 10 to 20% silicate, from royalty thereon. to calcium hydroxide and from 1 to 2% This invention relates to the production of trichloracetate in an aqueous sodium hydroxide glue from cottonseed meal or cake, which glues dispersion having a pH of from 11.5 to 12.5. are suitable for the many applications for which The glues provided by this invention can be seedmeal glues have been found satisfactory, made by preparing a, ba i cottonseed 1 glue and which have the unique advantage of a dem in the conventional manner and adding to the Sirably w v ty, 8 high tack. good p basic glue the appropriate amount of one or ability, and a long working life. more lyotropic anions. For example, such n imp rtant a d typ a app ti f s glues can be prepared by the following procem el glues is in h manufacture of p yw dure. An oil-free cottonseed meal is pulverized The glues used are often derived entirely or in to a flour-like consistency and from 20 to 40 part from seedmeals and are formed in general parts of the meal is suspended in 100 parts f y suspend n e pulverized cottonseed meal in water. When the suspended meal is thoroughly a basic aqueous medium Containing additives wet, it is converted to a basic cottonseed meal for various purposes. n glue by the addition of chemicals conventionally ccordi to the present in entio active employed. For example, the addition of (based anions of the Hofimeister or lyotropic series in upon 100 parts of meal) 4 parts of sodium hyamounts (1 to 2% based on the weight of the droxide, 15 parts of sodium silicate, 15 parts of meal) which reduce the viscosity to the desired calcium hydroxide and 4 parts of sodium hyvalue without reducing the tack are incorporated droxide dissolved in 335 parts of water and 3 with the glue. This not only improves the parts of carbon disulphide-carbon tetrachloride spreadability and working life of cottonseed meal water repellent dope to the suspension of wet glues without reducing the strength of the glue meal; produces a basic glue having a pH of joints, but also results in an increase in the about 12. tackiness of the glue. The combined efiects re- The basic glue is converted to the improved sult in cottonseed meal glues having a viscosity glue of this invention by adding, for example, best suited for spreading by the conventional trichloroacetate anions, preferably in the form mechanical equipment, having a high degree of of trichloroacetic acid or a sodium or potassium tackiness, and having a long working life. salt thereof, until the viscosity of the basic glue The more active and preferred anions of the is reduced and its tack is improved. The pres- Hofi'meister series include the trichloracetate, enee of larger and larger amounts of the lyoborate, citrate, nitrate, acetate, and tartrate tropic series anions results in lower and lower anions, the trichloracetate anion being particuviscosities, but the initial tackiness of the basic larly preferred. glue (inherently poor in cottonseed meal glues The cottonseed meal used may be that from is for a time improved and then returns to a which the oil was removed by screw-pressing. 40 low value. Therefore, in accordance with the hydraulic-pressing or by solvent extraction in invention, only the amount of a lyotropic series the conventional manner. anion which reduces the viscosity and improves Solvent extracted meals are preferred. Meals the tack of the basic glue is added. which have been de-oiled in any manner which The following examples exhibit the invention leaves a meal containing at least 70% soluble in detail. nitrogen, as determined by suspending 2.5 grams of the meal in 100 mls. of 0.5 M NaCl for 3 hours Emu: LE I t are Satisfactory Preparation of a cottonseed meal glue The addition of trichloracetic acid to the basic suspension is the preferred method of incorporat- A hexane-extracted oil-free cottonseed meal ing the trichloracetate anion. Particularly suitwas pulverized. An aqueous suspension was preable results are obtained by the addition of from pared from 100 parts of the meal which had been 1 to 2% of trichloracetic acid based on the weight passed through a 200 mesh screen and 335 parts of cottonseed meal. of water. When the meal was thoroughly wetted,

Particularly preferred glues provided by the 8 parts of water containing 4 parts of sodium 3 hydroxide and 1.75 parts of trichloracetic acid were added.

The resulting glue had a viscosity of 238 poises after 1 hour, 215 poises after 2 hours, and 198 poises after 3 hours. The tackiness of the glue was very'good for the whole period, and the strength of glue joints prepared from this glue compared favorably with the strength of glue joints obtainable from peanut meal glues or casein glues. i

EXAMPLE II The effect of Zyotropz'c series anions upon viscosity and tack A series of hexane extracted cottonseed meal basic glues were prepared containing 100 parts of meal (which had been passed through a 200 mesh screen), 400 partsof water, 5.5 parts of sodium hydroxide, and the indicated amounts of Having thus described our invention, we claim:

A cottonseed meal glue having ood tack and a viscosity which remains in the order 011.200 poises for at least 3 hours, which glue consists essentially of a dispersion in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution having a pH from 11.5 to 12.5 of cottonseed meal containing at 1east '70% soluble nitrogen; from 10 to 20%, based on the weight of meal, of a silicate; from 10 to 20%, based on the weight of,the meal, of calcium hydroxide; and from 1 to 2%, based on the weight of meal,

"of a substance yieldingtrichloroacetate ions in solution.

JE'IT C. ARTHUR, JR. JOSEPH T. HOGAN.

References Cited in the file of. this patent UNITED. STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,531,383 Arthur, Jr Nov. 28, 1950 2,559,848 Caldwell July 10, 1951 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 140,911 Great Britain Apr. 8, 1920 116,694 Australia Mar. 25, 1943 OTHER REFERENCES Viscosity Patterns of'Peanut Protein Solutions, Burnett, Roberts 8: Parker, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry, March 1945, vol. 37, No. 3, page 280.

Peptization of Peanut & Cottonseed Proteins, Fontaine .et al., Industrial & Engineering Chemistry, vol. 38, No. 6, June 1946, page 661. 

